{"id":11311,"date":"2019-09-16T09:43:53","date_gmt":"2019-09-16T13:43:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ncseagrant.ncsu.edu\/coastwatch\/?page_id=11311"},"modified":"2024-08-20T13:16:56","modified_gmt":"2024-08-20T17:16:56","slug":"the-great-deluge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ncseagrant.ncsu.edu\/coastwatch\/the-great-deluge\/","title":{"rendered":"The Great Deluge: A Chronicle of the Aftermath of Hurricane Floyd"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n

In the last 20 years, flooding from hurricanes Floyd, Matthew and Florence \u2014 as well as other tropical systems \u2014 has devastated North Carolina. When the first of these storms, Floyd, made landfall on September 16, 1999, at that time it was North Carolina\u2019s worst natural disaster.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Floyd left 52 North Carolinians dead, a half-million without power, and 48,000 in shelters. Rising waters forced police and the military to perform 1,500 home evacuations. The storm flooded out 24 wastewater treatment plants and destroyed seven dams. Millions of livestock perished. Damage totaled several billion dollars statewide, including well over $500 million in lost crops, and 66 counties were declared disaster areas.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The swelling of the Cape Fear, Neuse and surrounding river basins transformed the geography and terrain of much of North Carolina. It also changed forever the people who endured it and left behind innumerable stories. Three months after Floyd, historian Charles D. Thompson Jr. and photographer Rob Amberg visited flood-damaged North Carolina communities to record eyewitness interviews about the hurricane and its aftermath. Survivors in communities like Tick Bite, Northeast, White Stocking and Grifton recounted Floyd and the long days that followed it. This is their chronicle of The Great Deluge.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI walked out to the corner and walked over to where the bridge was at and just looked at the water to see how it was coming along. I\u2019m saying to myself, \u2018It\u2019s not doing anything; we\u2019re going to be alright.\u2019 So I came back and went to bed.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Jr., Administrator at the Caswell Center, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAnd the water was just trickling across the road. And I said, \u2018Well, it\u2019s about to peak out. This don\u2019t come this high.\u2019 And we came on home and went to bed.\u201d
\u2014 Aaron Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe\u2019re blessed because when that flood came through here, I tell you what, it was just as pretty as it could be that Thursday. Sun was shining and it was warm… That night we went to bed, the lights were off… About the time we got to bed good, there were lights flashing to the window and the water was up just that quick. We hurried up and got our clothes on and got out and stepped in the water, right there to the doorstep. Just that quick.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Sr., Retired Dupont Employee, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI didn\u2019t know what was going on, so I got my flashlight. I walked out to see what was going on. I stepped out on the back porch, and water came up to… to my knees. And that woke me up. I got in high gear. And I already had an overnight bag packed… I just grabbed it, threw it in my truck and got out. Got out. It was something. It was unbelievable. I just did not realize how quick that water had rose like that.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Jr., Administrator at the Caswell Center, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe were putting deeds and files in a trash bag and tying them up.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe water was coming. I don\u2019t know what kind of force it was, but it was terrible. The water was just rolling like there was pressure behind it. I just haven\u2019t ever seen water do like that before. I was thinking that after we had gotten out \u2014 I said to myself, \u2018The force that was behind that water; it might just wash the house down.\u2019\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Sr., Retired Dupont Employee, Grifton, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI felt like that I was a refugee or something because we were all \u2014 I mean I went out with my gown, a shoe of one color on each foot, and my pocketbook. That\u2019s all… It came quick… You\u2019re talking about a foot of water that afternoon to chest deep on a 6-foot man by 8 o\u2019clock.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe were behind one another praying to get out of that water.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Sr., Retired Dupont Employee, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt looked like an ocean. I never. It just got me. It looked just like an ocean.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Jr., Administrator at the Caswell Center, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOur fire department \u2014 I think they did an excellent job of getting people out. They worked around the clock, you know, until they got everybody out.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe only way we got through it: They had a big fire truck. And what it does, it was in front of the cars; and it would sort of wave the water off with the cars coming behind. It was making a path for us.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Jr., Administrator at the Caswell Center, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhen Aaron came out from the river house he was rescued. Some boys went down and got him with a boat.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe heard that [our community] was quarantined, and then we heard it wasn\u2019t quarantined. And then we heard that they advised you not to go back. And then we heard, wait until the water goes down and you can go back.\u201d
\u2014 Ava Cavenaugh, Registered Nurse, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe next morning I had to go check the farm, the turkeys, which they were all dead when I got there. And the water probably had come up at least 5 foot during the night, drowned all the turkeys, flooded the antiques. It was just more than we expected. We didn\u2019t just \u2014 disbelief. We didn\u2019t believe that, but it did happen.\u201d
\u2014 Aaron Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cRight sickening to be out there and to float them animals out and shoot your goats to keep them from drowning. I mean, it was terrible. I\u2019d shoot a goat and cry. Shoot a goat and cry.\u201d
\u2014 Jim Connors, Hog Farmer, Near Holly Shelter Creek, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHe was an Amish horse. He was a saddle-bred horse. A good buggy horse… And he was in water probably up to his knees, and we just hooked a lead line to him. And we were in the boat and we just led him all the way… for about probably five miles to a higher ground where he was safe.\u201d
\u2014 Aaron Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt was like everywhere that I went there was devastation. The house was devastated… And we didn\u2019t see anybody. We\u2019d see our friends and our neighbors all along the road. But nobody had time to stop and say, \u2018How are you? Do you need anything?\u2019\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was wrestling two-hundred-pound feed bags and chest waders going from building to building. Then I had my johnboat with a generator in it and a submersible pump, and I was dropping it over the side filling feeders up to the water.\u201d
\u2014 Jim Connors, Hog Farmer, Near Holly Shelter Creek, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhen I first got in the air to [fly over] what happened, my first feelings were of disbelief… Hog waste is this particular color of pink, it looks like Pepto Bismol \u2014 I hate to use that name because I don\u2019t want the company to get a bad rap \u2014 but it looks that color, and you could see it running off into the river. You could follow it down from where the floodwaters were right on down to the river. We flew over the junkyards and we could see these huge plumes of oil and gas and antifreeze and different chemicals washing out of the junkyards, and there\u2019s lots of junkyards in the flood plain. We could see these fuel storage areas for farms and industry had gotten hit and you could see these oil drums leaking, just tremendous amounts of fuel down the river. And then even from farm houses and things you could see the chemicals coming out of the barns, you know, where the waters had gotten inside. You could see dogs on top of the roof of a car. All you could see was the top of the roof of the car and you could see a dog there. You\u2019d see people standing on the porches of their houses, the house completely surrounded by water, no way to get in and out, and sitting on a rocking chair on the porch, rocking back and forth. But that\u2019s the kind of thing we saw: pollution, people\u2019s pain, the loss of property. I mean it was a terrible sight.\u201d
\u2014 Rick Dove, Retired Neuse River Keeper for the Neuse River Foundation, New Bern, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI hadn\u2019t had any taste for fish… because a friend of mine, he lived over in Pitt County, and he said when he went on his porch with his boots on, he could see fish going across his porch.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Sr., Retired Dupont Employee, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIn the beginning there was nothing… We had 60,000 dead turkeys… Every bit of income we had, every business, everything we owned was under water… There was no time to go stand in line to see if Salvation Army would help you or the Red Cross could help you. It was needless to go for food stamps.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhen you came back, it wasn\u2019t like people could just come and stay. You had a two-hour time limit. They had the National Guard patrolling and you got your little ticket and everything. And if your time limit was up, they came looking for you.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Jr., Administrator at the Caswell Center, Grifton, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI was here thinking that I could save our floors and walls. So I was trying to dry them out with the dehumidifiers. And I was trying to spray Clorox on everything.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThey said throw away all your plastic stuff, your paper stuff, your wooden things that got contaminated. Throw away everything except maybe something like stainless steel that you could bleach.\u201d
\u2014 Ava Cavenaugh, Registered Nurse, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIn the beginning there were times when churches would come by. I know Pinhook Church or Oakdale Church \u2014 I think it was Oakdale Church came by one day and it was around lunchtime. They stopped in our driveway. It was two ladies. And they had brought us some paper towels and things from their church. And I was so glad because I hadn\u2019t had time to go get any. And out she brought some potted meat. And Aaron said, \u2018Well I just want some potted meat.\u2019 I mean anything that you could just pop the top on a can. That\u2019s what we ate… Even church groups from out in Wallace came. Ladies would come in the afternoon after their prayer service. They would come and wash dishes with me for an hour or two hours, three hours. And when they\u2019d come in, I\u2019d just say, \u2018Go pick a section. Here\u2019s some gloves. Here\u2019s a tub. Pick a section and just wash what you want to wash.\u2019 And they acted like they had fun doing it.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI thought that FEMA was going to help us, and I signed up with FEMA to start with, but I didn\u2019t ever hear anything.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Sr., Retired Dupont Employee, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhen I got to my father\u2019s, 40 head were there [to help clean out the house]. And there were all my pictures and slides and stuff. And they were just chucking them. There wasn\u2019t much I could do… strangers taking that stuff out. Then they tell you that they\u2019re going to go to your house to do the same thing. And by the way, the wrecker man is here to haul your cars off… There was busloads of people helping everywhere. I mean, it was like a war zone.\u201d
\u2014 Andy Cavenaugh, Flower Farmer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe FEMA inspector that came here \u2014 very arrogant, rude. He was not interested. And I think our $2,855.10 showed that. He was not interested in us at all. He came from California, a very rude man… And he punched some numbers on a little handheld computer… I had the same amount of water that I know another lady had. She got $9,000 and I got $2,855. I\u2019m glad the lady got the money. There\u2019s not a problem with that at all. But I know we weren\u2019t paid enough even to make it safe and livable… FEMA and they said we could save everything. Well we couldn\u2019t… The walls were spongy.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI\u2019ll tell you the truth: the flood is no worse than this rigmarole, red tape what you go through afterwards.\u201d
\u2014 Frank Cavenaugh, Retired Farmer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOne Sunday we come riding by here and we seen a brand new Jeep parked up in our yard. We thought it was somebody else come to help… We was coming back from the Red Cross and pulled in here. And [the people with the Jeep] were loading up our stainless steel. They were stealing. Had all my stainless steel cookware loaded up and all my children\u2019s toys loaded up.\u201d
\u2014 Ava Cavenaugh, Registered Nurse, Northeast, North Carolina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe whole thing brings out the good and the bad in people. This gentleman gave me $50 right out of his pocket. Told me I needed it. And I don\u2019t even know who he was.\u201d
\u2014 Andy Cavenaugh, Flower Farmer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHe came to the door and he said, \u2018I\u2019m with the North Carolina Department of Revenue.\u2019 And I said, \u2018Well, son, I think I mailed my sales tax and paid all my taxes.\u2019 And he said, \u2018Well I didn\u2019t come to collect.\u2019 And I said, \u2018Well, what can I help you with?\u2019 And he said \u2014 and by then I had invited him in \u2014 and he said, \u2018I\u2019ve come to help you.\u2019 And I said, \u2018You\u2019ve come to help me?\u2019 And he said, \u2018Yes, ma\u2019am… Anything that you want cleaned up pertaining to this flood.\u2019 They were good help, too.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNever thought I would meet anyone from Pennsylvania. This group came down here and worked like Turks to serve me \u2014 who has nothing.\u201d
\u2014 Kathleen Bratten, Family Caretaker, Tick Bite, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe governor, on ABC News \u2014 I\u2019ll never forget it as I sat there, and I just sat there in disbelief for about 10 minutes after I heard him make this statement \u2014 but he had the president by his side… He threw his arms open and he looked around to all these people, including this one little kid who the camera focused on afterwards, and he said, \u2018There wasn\u2019t anything that we could do to prepare for this.\u2019 And I think Governor Hunt\u2019s a pretty good fella, and I\u2019m not mad with him or anything, but that was a dumb statement. Because there is a lot we could have done to prepare for this.\u201d
\u2014 Rick Dove, Retired Neuse River Keeper for the Neuse River Foundation, New Bern, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe Salvation Army truck would come through our community. And they would stop and they would have like a box lunch with a drink… But that hot meal when they would pass it out that window, I never ate anything that was bad that came off that truck. Everything that we ate was delicious.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s hard to stand in line and wait for somebody to tell you, \u2018You can have this, and you can\u2019t have this.\u2019 And you\u2019ve worked all your life, and you\u2019ve always been the one to give.\u201d
\u2014 Elder Bert Picket, Pastor of Mount Pleasant All Saints Pentecostal Holiness Church, Wallace, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHands have been the biggest asset that anybody \u2014 if you\u2019ve ever been flooded, hands are what a person needs. They need financial stuff, too. But in the very beginning \u2014 those hands. You don\u2019t even know what you need financially but you know you need hands, because your mind is working so much faster than your hands can keep up.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe have joined an organization here in the county called SOC. And that stands for \u2018Strengthening Our Communities.\u2019 And we want to know the situation… When money comes to the county we will be able to… distribute it to the people that really has a need.\u201d
\u2014 Elberta Hudson, Assistant Pastor of White Stocking A.M.E. Zion Church, White Stocking, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGovernor Hunt, when he got his money, the governor\u2019s relief fund, he sent out checks. And you went down and you signed your name up and he gave everybody the same amount… I got 300-and-some dollars the first time, a hundred-and-some dollars the second time and $308 the last time… Jim Graham, our commissioner of agriculture, took up a farmers\u2019 disaster relief fund. And he said that every dollar would be given to the farmers. And I know that we did receive money from Mr. Graham, and we greatly appreciate it. I wrote him a thank-you note.\u201d
\u2014 Jenny Cavenaugh, Turkey Farmer and Antique Dealer, Northeast, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe flood has brought some good changes because I think once \u2014 well now when you meet people that you know now, a lot of times people would see you and wouldn\u2019t say anything, just \u2014 they know you but they wouldn\u2019t go out of their way to say something to you. But now I think it\u2019s more united again. Everybody… we\u2019re glad to see each other… Everybody\u2019s on the same playing field… Brought us all down to the same level.\u201d
\u2014 Walter Davis Sr., Retired Dupont Employee, Grifton, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThis was in fact a 50-year rain event that caused a 500-year flood event. And to understand what\u2019s happened here, is in the last 50 years in order to develop all over this state, eastern North Carolina in particular, we have changed the landscape. We\u2019ve put Mother Nature out of balance. I guarantee you when this storm rolled in here this time with this rain, Mother Nature didn\u2019t recognize this place… We have filled the wetlands as if they were trash… We filled them to build shopping centers. We cut down the forests to build shopping centers and schools. In doing that we\u2019ve let the sediments go down to the river to shallow the river… So when Mother Nature rolled in here this time with this rain, there was no holding capacity. It all ran right to the river… Mother Nature couldn\u2019t deal with it except by pushing it over her banks as she did. And I don\u2019t think we should be surprised about that.\u201d
\u2014 Rick Dove, Retired Neuse River Keeper for the Neuse River Foundation, New Bern, North Carolina<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

These interviews and some of the photographs appeared in different form in Southern Cultures<\/a>, volume 7, number 3. \u00a9 Center for the Study of the American South. Used by permission of the publisher: uncpress.org. A portion of the content also previously appeared in the January\/February 2001 NC Crossroads, a publication of the North Carolina Humanities Council. \u201cThe Great Deluge\u201d draws from interviews from the Southern Oral History Program<\/a>. Founded in 1973 by historian Jacquelyn Hall, the SOHP is part of the UNC Center for the Study of the American South<\/a>. The SOHP Collection in UNC\u2019s Wilson Library, more than 6,000 interviews strong, is one of the nation\u2019s most valuable oral history archives.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

Related<\/h2>
\n Fall 2019 Issue<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/svg><\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/div><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cI stepped out on the back porch, and water came up to to my knees. And that woke me up.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":20462,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"views\/single-immersive.blade.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ncst_custom_author":"As Told to Charles D. Thompson Jr. with Photographs by Rob Amberg","ncst_show_custom_author":true,"ncst_dynamicHeaderBlockName":"ncst\/default-immersive-post-header","ncst_dynamicHeaderData":"{\"backgroundColor\":\"custombg_one\",\"caption\":\"Raymond and Eunice English stand in the community of Northeast, North Carolina, with all of their earthly possessions.<\/em> Photo by Rob Amberg \u00a92000\",\"displayCategoryID\":575,\"showAuthor\":true,\"showDate\":true,\"showFeaturedVideo\":false,\"subtitle\":\"This fall marks the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Floyd.
We look back at the infamous night the water rose and the days that followed \u2014 as survivors originally told the story in 1999.\u00a0\"}","ncst_content_audit_freq":"","ncst_content_audit_date":"","ncst_content_audit_display":false,"ncst_backToTopFlag":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[574,575,600],"tags":[],"_ncst_magazine_issue":[655],"class_list":["post-11311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-574","category-autumn-2019","category-coastal-cultures-and-histories"],"displayCategory":{"term_id":575,"name":"Autumn 2019","slug":"autumn-2019","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":576,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":574,"count":10,"filter":"raw"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Great Deluge: A Chronicle of the Aftermath of Hurricane Floyd - Coastwatch<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Today marks the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Floyd. The new issue of Coastwatch looks back at the infamous night the water rose and the days that followed \u2014 as survivors originally told the story in 1999.\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ncseagrant.ncsu.edu\/coastwatch\/the-great-deluge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Great Deluge: A Chronicle of the Aftermath of Hurricane Floyd - Coastwatch\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Today marks the 20th anniversary of Hurricane Floyd. 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